Crossword Solver > found answer > THREERS (three rs)

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CROSSWORD
ANSWER

threers

three rs

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The answer THREERS (three rs) has 15 possible clue(s) in existing crosswords.

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The word THREERS (three rs) is NOT valid in any word game. (Sorry, you cannot play THREERS (three rs) in Scrabble, Words With Friends etc)

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Definitions of three rs in various dictionaries:

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Possible Crossword Clues
Schoolmarm's impartation
Classic school group
School basics
Education fundamentals
Fundamental group
Basic ed trio
Early teachings
Elementary education ... or feature of the last words punned upon in 17-, 29-, 49- and 66-Across
Education foundation
Education basically ruined her rest

Three rs might be related to
Alternatives to animal testing are the development and implementation of test methods that avoid the use of live animals. * There is widespread agreement that a reduction in the number of animals used and the refinement of testing to reduce suffering should be important goals for the industries involved. Two major alternatives to in vivo animal testing are in vitro cell culture techniques and in silico computer simulation. However, some claim they are not true alternatives because simulations use data from prior animal experiments and cell cultures often require animal derived products, such as serum or cells. Others say that they cannot replace animals completely as they are unlikely to ever provide enough information about the complex interactions of living systems. * Other alternatives include the use of humans for skin irritancy tests and donated human blood for pyrogenicity studies. Another alternative is so-called microdosing, in which the basic behaviour of drugs is assessed using human volunteers receiving doses well below those expected to produce whole-body effects. While microdosing produces important information about pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics it does not reveal information about toxicity or toxicology. Furthermore, it was noted by the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments that despite the use of microdosing, "animal studies will still be required".Guiding principles for more ethical use of animals in testing are the Three Rs (3Rs) first described by Russell and Burch in 1959. These principles are now followed in many testing establishments worldwide. * Replacement refers to the preferred use of non-animal methods over animal methods whenever it is possible to achieve the same scientific aim. * Reduction refers to methods that enable researchers to obtain comparable levels of information from fewer animals, or to obtain more information from the same number of animals. * Refinement refers to methods that alleviate or minimize potential pain, suffering, or distress, and enhance animal welfare for the animals used.

Three rs might be related to

Alternatives to animal testing are the development and implementation of test methods that avoid the use of live animals.
* There is widespread agreement that a reduction in the number of animals used and the refinement of testing to reduce suffering should be important goals for the industries involved. Two major alternatives to in vivo animal testing are in vitro cell culture techniques and in silico computer simulation. However, some claim they are not true alternatives because simulations use data from prior animal experiments and cell cultures often require animal derived products, such as serum or cells. Others say that they cannot replace animals completely as they are unlikely to ever provide enough information about the complex interactions of living systems.
* Other alternatives include the use of humans for skin irritancy tests and donated human blood for pyrogenicity studies. Another alternative is so-called microdosing, in which the basic behaviour of drugs is assessed using human volunteers receiving doses well below those expected to produce whole-body effects. While microdosing produces important information about pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics it does not reveal information about toxicity or toxicology. Furthermore, it was noted by the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments that despite the use of microdosing, "animal studies will still be required".Guiding principles for more ethical use of animals in testing are the Three Rs (3Rs) first described by Russell and Burch in 1959. These principles are now followed in many testing establishments worldwide.
* Replacement refers to the preferred use of non-animal methods over animal methods whenever it is possible to achieve the same scientific aim.
* Reduction refers to methods that enable researchers to obtain comparable levels of information from fewer animals, or to obtain more information from the same number of animals.
* Refinement refers to methods that alleviate or minimize potential pain, suffering, or distress, and enhance animal welfare for the animals used.

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