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ureases

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Definitions of ureases in various dictionaries:

noun - an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia

adj - a complex protein [n -S] : ENZYMIC

UREASES - Ureases (EC 3.5.1.5), functionally, belong to the superfamily of amidohydrolases and phosphotriesterases. Ureases are found in numerous bacteria, fun...

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Ureases description
Ureases (EC 3.5.1.5), functionally, belong to the superfamily of amidohydrolases and phosphotriesterases. Ureases are found in numerous bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, and some invertebrates, as well as in soils, as a soil enzyme. They are nickel-containing metalloenzymes of high molecular weight.These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia:* (NH2)2CO + H2O → CO2 + 2NH3The hydrolysis of urea occurs in two stages. In the first stage, ammonia and carbamate are produced. The carbamate spontaneously and rapidly hydrolyzes to ammonia and carbonic acid. Urease activity increase the pH of its environment as it produces ammonia, which is basic. * Its activity was first identified in 1876 by Frédéric Alphonse Musculus as a soluble ferment. * In 1926, James B. Sumner, showed that urease is a protein by examining its crystallized form. Sumner's work was the first demonstration that a protein can function as an enzyme and led eventually to the recognition that most enzymes are in fact proteins. Urease was the first enzyme crystallized. For this work, Sumner was awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1946. The crystal structure of urease was first solved by P. A. Karplus in 1995.

Ureases description

Ureases (EC 3.5.1.5), functionally, belong to the superfamily of amidohydrolases and phosphotriesterases. Ureases are found in numerous bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, and some invertebrates, as well as in soils, as a soil enzyme. They are nickel-containing metalloenzymes of high molecular weight.These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia:* (NH2)2CO + H2O → CO2 + 2NH3The hydrolysis of urea occurs in two stages. In the first stage, ammonia and carbamate are produced. The carbamate spontaneously and rapidly hydrolyzes to ammonia and carbonic acid. Urease activity increase the pH of its environment as it produces ammonia, which is basic.
* Its activity was first identified in 1876 by Frédéric Alphonse Musculus as a soluble ferment.
* In 1926, James B. Sumner, showed that urease is a protein by examining its crystallized form. Sumner's work was the first demonstration that a protein can function as an enzyme and led eventually to the recognition that most enzymes are in fact proteins. Urease was the first enzyme crystallized. For this work, Sumner was awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1946. The crystal structure of urease was first solved by P. A. Karplus in 1995.

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