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carbanion
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Definitions of carbanion in various dictionaries:
An anion in which carbon carries a negative charge and an unshared pair of electrons.
CARBANION - A carbanion is an anion in which carbon is trivalent (forms three bonds) and bears a formal negative charge in at least one significant mesomeric con...
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An anion in which carbon carries a negative charge and an unshared pair of electrons. |
An organic anion in which the negative charge is located on a carbon atom. |
Carbanion description |
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A carbanion is an anion in which carbon is trivalent (forms three bonds) and bears a formal negative charge in at least one significant mesomeric contributor (resonance form). Absent π delocalization, carbanions assume a trigonal pyramidal, bent, or linear geometry when the carbanionic carbon is bound to three (e.g., methyl anion), two (e.g., phenyl anion), or one (e.g., acetylide anion) substituents, respectively. Formally, a carbanion is the conjugate base of a carbon acid:* R3CH + B− → R3C− + HBwhere B stands for the base. A carbanion is one of several reactive intermediates in organic chemistry. In organic synthesis, organolithium reagents and Grignard reagents are commonly regarded as carbanions. This is a convenient approximation, although these species are almost always multinuclear clusters containing polar covalent bonds rather than true carbanions. |